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Voice Bot / Interactive Voice Assistant

In this tutorial, you will create a bot answering an inbound phone call. The bot will ask for your location and share your actual weather conditions in response. You will implement this using the express web application framework, Weatherstack API and Vonage Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) feature.

Prerequisites

To complete this tutorial, you need:

Install the dependencies

Install the express web application framework and body-parser packages:

$ npm install express body-parser

Purchase a Vonage number

If you don't already have one, buy a Vonage number to receive inbound calls.

First, list the numbers available in your country (replace GB with your two-character country code):

nexmo number:search GB

Purchase one of the available numbers. For example, to purchase the number 447700900001, execute the following command:

nexmo number:buy 447700900001

Create a Voice API application

Use the CLI to create a Voice API application with the webhooks that will be responsible for answering a call on your Vonage number (/webhooks/answer) and logging call events (/webhooks/events), respectively.

These webhooks need to be accessible by Vonage's servers, so in this tutorial you will use ngrok to expose your local development environment to the public Internet. This article explains how to install and run ngrok.

Run ngrok using the following command:

ngrok http 3000

Make a note of the temporary host name that ngrok provides and use it in place of example.com in the following command:

nexmo app:create "Weather Bot" --capabilities=voice --voice-event-url=https://example.com/webhooks/event --voice-answer-url=https://example.com/webhooks/answer --keyfile=private.key

The command returns an application ID (which you should make a note of) and your private key information (which you can safely ignore for the purposes of this tutorial).

Link your number

You need to link your Vonage number to the Voice API application that you created. Use the following command:

nexmo link:app NEXMO_NUMBER NEXMO_APPLICATION_ID

You're now ready to write your application code.

Sign up Weatherstack account

In this tutorial, you will use Weatherstack API to get weather info. To make a request, you have to sign up for a free account to get the API key.

Write your answer webhook

When Vonage receives an inbound call on your virtual number, it will make a request to your /webhooks/answer route. This route should accept an HTTP GET request and return a Nexmo Call Control Object (NCCO) that tells Vonage how to handle the call.

Your NCCO should use the talk action to greet the caller, and the input action to start listening:

'use strict'

const express = require('express')
const bodyParser = require('body-parser')
const app = express()
const http = require('http')

app.use(bodyParser.json())

app.get('/webhooks/answer', (request, response) => {

  const ncco = [{
      action: 'talk',
      text: 'Thank you for calling Weather Bot! Where are you from?'
    },
    {
      action: 'input',
      eventUrl: [
        `${request.protocol}://${request.get('host')}/webhooks/asr`],
      type: [ "speech" ]
    },
    {
      action: 'talk',
      text: 'Sorry, I don\'t hear you'
    }
  ]

  response.json(ncco)
})

Write your event webhook

Implement a webhook that captures call events so that you can observe the lifecycle of the call in the console:

app.post('/webhooks/events', (request, response) => {
  console.log(request.body)
  response.sendStatus(200);
})

Vonage makes a POST request to this endpoint every time the call status changes.

Write your ASR webhook

Speech recognition results will be sent to the specific URL you set in the input action: /webhooks/asr. Add a webhook to process the result and add some user interaction.

In case of a successful recognition, the request payload will look as follows:

{
  "speech": {
    "timeout_reason": "end_on_silence_timeout",
    "results": [
      {
        "confidence": 0.78097206,
        "text": "New York"
      }
    ]
  },
  "dtmf": {
    "digits": null,
    "timed_out": false
  },
  "from": "442039834429",
  "to": "442039061207",
  "uuid": "abfd679701d7f810a0a9a44f8e298b33",
  "conversation_uuid": "CON-64e6c8ef-91a9-4a21-b664-b00a1f41340f",
  "timestamp": "2020-04-17T17:31:53.638Z"
}

So you should use the first element of the speech.results array for further analysis. To get the weather conditions data, you should make an HTTP GET request to the following URL:

GET http://api.weatherstack.com/current?access_key=<key>&query=<location>

In the previous code block, access_key is your Weatherstack API key and query is what the user said (or at least what is expected them to say). Weatherstack provides a lot of interesting data in the response body:

{
  "request": {
    "type": "City",
    "query": "New York, United States of America",
    "language": "en",
    "unit": "m"
  },
  "location": {
    "name": "New York",
    "country": "United States of America",
    "region": "New York",
    "lat": "40.714",
    "lon": "-74.006",
    "timezone_id": "America/New_York",
    "localtime": "2020-04-17 13:33",
    "localtime_epoch": 1587130380,
    "utc_offset": "-4.0"
  },
  "current": {
    "observation_time": "05:33 PM",
    "temperature": 9,
    "weather_code": 113,
    "weather_icons": [
      "http://cdn.worldweatheronline.com/images/wsymbols01_png_64/wsymbol_0001_sunny.png"
    ],
    "weather_descriptions": [
      "Sunny"
    ],
    "wind_speed": 15,
    "wind_degree": 250,
    "wind_dir": "WSW",
    "pressure": 1024,
    "precip": 0,
    "humidity": 28,
    "cloudcover": 0,
    "feelslike": 7,
    "uv_index": 5,
    "visibility": 16,
    "is_day": "yes"
  }
}

In the app, you will use parameters like description (“Sunny”) and temperature. It’d be nice to get weather forecast rather than the actual temperature, however since the free Weatherstack account allows to get only current conditions - that’s what you will use.

Once you received the response from Weatherstack, you will return a new NCCO with the talk action to say “Today in New York: it’s sunny, 9 degrees Celsius”.

Finally, add the code to handle the ASR callback:

app.post('/webhooks/asr', (request, response) => {

  console.log(request.body)

  if (request.body.speech.results) {

    const city = request.body.speech.results[0].text

    http.get(
      'http://api.weatherstack.com/current?access_key=WEATHERSTACK_API_KEY&query=' +
      city, (weatherResponse) => {
        let data = '';

        weatherResponse.on('data', (chunk) => {
          data += chunk;
        });

        weatherResponse.on('end', () => {
          const weather = JSON.parse(data);

          console.log(weather);

          let location = weather.location.name
          let description = weather.current.weather_descriptions[0]
          let temperature = weather.current.temperature          

          console.log("Location: " + location)
          console.log("Description: " + description)
          console.log("Temperature: " + temperature)

          const ncco = [{
            action: 'talk',
            text: `Today in ${location}: it's ${description}, ${temperature}°C`
          }]

          response.json(ncco)

        });

      }).on("error", (err) => {
      console.log("Error: " + err.message);
    });

  } else {

    const ncco = [{
      action: 'talk',
      text: `Sorry I don't understand you.`
    }]

    response.json(ncco)
  }

})

You may add some additional logic to the bot, for example - convert temperature to Fahrenheit if the location is in the US. Add this code snippet before creating the NCCO:

if (weather.location.country == 'United States of America') {
  temperature = Math.round((temperature * 9 / 5) + 32) + '°F'
} else {
  temperature = temperature + '°C'
}

and don't forget to remove degrees symbol from the message text since it’s now included to the temperature variable value:

text: `Today in ${location}: it's ${description}, ${temperature}`

Create your Node.js server

Finally, write the code to instantiate your Node.js server:

const port = 3000
app.listen(port, () => console.log(`Listening on port ${port}`))

Test your application

  1. Run your Node.js application by executing the following command:
node index.js

  1. Call your Vonage number and listen to the welcome message.

  2. Say your city name.

  3. Hear your actual weather conditions back.

Conclusion

In this tutorial, you created an application that uses the Voice API to interact with caller by asking and answering with voice messages.

The bot you created was able to listen to the caller and respond with some relevant information. You may use it as a basis for your IVR or some customer self-service app by adding appropriate business logic relevant to your case and the services you are using.

As you see, automatic speech recognition (ASR) is an effortless way to implement dialogue-style voice bot or IVR (Interactive Voice Response)/IVA (Interactive Voice Assistant) quickly. If you need more flexibility or almost real-time interaction, try our WebSockets feature, which is extremely powerful and can empower some very sophisticated use cases, such as artificial intelligence, analysis and transcription of call audio.

Where Next?

Here are a few more suggestions of resources that you might enjoy as the next step after this tutorial:

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